Fluoropolymer Monomer Synthesis: Tetrafluoroethylene;Hexafluoropropylene;Perfluoroalkyl Vinyl Ethers;Chlorotrifluoroethylene;Vinylidene Fluoride;Vinyl Fluoride.
Nga ahuatanga o Tetrafluoroethylene
Ko te Tetrafluoroethylene he hau kore tae, he kakara, he reka, he hau kore paitini ka koropupuke i te 76.3 C ka rewa ki te 142.5 C. Ko te 33.3 C me te 3.92 MPa te pāmahana nui me te pehanga o TFE.Kei te rongoa a TFE hei wai;Ko te pehanga kohu i te 20 C he 1 MPa.Ko te wera o te hanganga e kiia ana ko te 151.9 kcal/mole.Ko te polymerization o te TFE he tino exothermic me te whakaputa i te 41.12 kcal/mole heatdte whanui ka taea te whakarite ki nga wera o te polymerization o te vinyl chloride me te styrene, i te 23-26 kcal/mole me te 16.7 kcal/mole, ia.
Me iti iho i te 20 ppm te rokiroki haumaru o TFE.Me whakahaere te pāmahana me te pehanga i te wa e rokiroki ana.Ko te whakanui ake i te pāmahana, ina koa i nga pehanga teitei, ka tiimata te whakaheke i te kore o te hau (ka heke te TFE ki te waro tetrafluoride).I te aroaro o te hau, te hāora ranei, ka hangaia e te TFE nga ranunga pahū i roto i te awhe molar ōrau o te 14-43%.Ka taea e te pupuhi o te ranunga o te TFE me te hāora te whakanui ake i te pehanga teitei ki te 100 nga wa i te pehanga tuatahi.
Nga ahuatanga o te Hexafluoropropylene
Ko te Hexafluoropropylene he hau kore tae, he kakara, he reka, he iti noa iho te paitini, ka koropupuke i te 29.4 C, ka whakatio ki te 156.2 C. I roto i te 4-haora te rongo, he 3000 ppm te kukū ki te LC50 o te kiore.Ko te pāmahana tino nui me te pehanga o te HFP he 85 C me te 3254 MPa.Kaore i rite ki te TFE, he tino pumau te HFP mo te autopolymerization ka taea te rongoa i roto i te ahua wai kaore he taapiri o te telogen.He waiariki te HFP ki te 400e500 C. I te 600 C i raro i te korehau, ka pirau, ka whakaputa i te octafluoro-2-butene (CF3CF¼CFCF3) me te octa-fluoroisobutylene.
Nga ahuatanga o Perfluoroalkyl Vinyl Ethers
Ko nga Perfluoroalkyl vinyl ethers (PAVE) he tino karaehe o nga monomers i te mea he tino comonomers ratou mo te "whakarereke" o nga ahuatanga o nga homofluoropolymers hei taapiri atu ki te whakamahi whanui i roto i te hanganga o nga copolymers o TFE.Ko te painga o nga PAVE hei whakarereke i runga i te HFP ko to ratou tino pai o te waiariki.Ko tetahi tauira nui mo te hokohoko ko te per-fluoropropyl vinyl ether (PPVE).Ko te PPVE he wai hongi, kore tae i te pāmahana rūma.He tino muramura me te mura ki te mura kore tae.He iti ake te paitini i te HFP.
Nga ahuatanga o Chlorotrifluoroethylene
Ko te Chlorotrifluoroethylene he hau kore tae i te pāmahana rūma me te pehanga.He tino paitini ki te LC50 (kiore) i te 4-haora te whakaaturanga me te kukū o te 4000 ppm.He 105.8 C me te 4.03 MPa te pāmahana nui me te pehanga.Ko te hāora me te wai CTFE ka tauhohe me te hanga peroxides i te tino iti o te mahana.He maha nga hua whai hāora, penei i te chlorodifluoroacetylfluoride, ka puta mai i te waiora o te CTFE.Ko te tauhohenga ano ka puta ma te whakaahua i roto i te wahanga kohu.Ko te chlorotrifluoroethylene oxide he hua-a-hua o tenei tauhohenga.Ka mahi nga peroxides hei kaikokiri mo te polymerization o te CTFE, ka puta kino.
Nga ahuatanga o Vinylidene Fluoride
Vinylidene fluoride, (CH2¼CF2), he [49] ka mura, he hau i te pāmahana rūma.Karekau he tae, tata kore kakara, ka whewhea ki te 84 C. Ka taea e te VDF te hanga ranunga pahū ki te hau.Ko te polymerization o tenei hau he tino werawera, ka eke ki runga ake i tona pāmahana me te pehanga.
Nga ahuatanga o Vinyl Fluoride
Ko Vinyl fluoride (75-02-5) (fluoroethene) he hau kore tae ki nga ahuatanga o te taiao.He mura ki te hau i waenga i nga tepe o te 2.6 me te 22% ma te rōrahi.Ko te 400 C te iti o te pawera mura mo te VF me te ranunga hau. Ko te taapiri i te rahinga (<0.2%) o te terpenes ka whai hua hei aukati i te polymerization o VF.Ko te VF aukati kua tohua hei hau mura e te US Department of Transportation.
Te wa tuku: Mei-10-2018